Bee aware! Signs of a global decline in wild bee diversity

Factors Affecting Global Bee Health Honey Bee Health and Population Losses in Managed Bee Colonies

Documenting bee decline or squandering scarce resources.

V. J. Tepedino,∗ ¶ Susan Durham,† Sydney A. Cameron,‡ and Karen Goodell§ ∗Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5305, U.S.A. †Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, U.S.A. ‡Department of Entomology and Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation (PEEC), University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. §Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organis...

Elite Opposition-based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Global Optimization

 Numerous problems in engineering and science can be converted into optimization problems. Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a newly developed stochastic optimization algorithm and has been widely used in many areas. However, due to the stochastic characteristics of its solution search equation, the traditional ABC algorithm often suffers from poor exploitation. Aiming at this weakness o...

Diversity Measures in Artificial Bee Colony

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is a recent swarm intelligence based approach to solve nonlinear and complex optimization problems. Exploration and exploitation are the two important characteristics of the swarm based optimization algorithms. Exploration capability of an algorithm is the capability of exploring the solution space to find the possible solution while exploitation capability of an alg...

A global quantitative synthesis of local and landscape effects on wild bee pollinators in agroecosystems.

Bees provide essential pollination services that are potentially affected both by local farm management and the surrounding landscape. To better understand these different factors, we modelled the relative effects of landscape composition (nesting and floral resources within foraging distances), landscape configuration (patch shape, interpatch connectivity and habitat aggregation) and farm mana...